一、 完型填空应试要点分析及题解策略
完型填空是把短文的阅读理解和单项选择填空两种题型的特点合为一体，形成了一种综合性的考查英语语言知识和实际运用能力的题型。
高自考英语试题中的完型填空部分，所给一段文章大约200 词左右，内设10个空，（即要去掉10个单词或词组），每个空格都给出A、B、C、D四个备选答案，要求考生运用其对英语语言规律的认识，从中选出正确的答案，使文章完整。每小题1分，共10分。
由于完型填空是测试考生语篇理解能力和语法、词汇运用能力的一种综合手段，所以也称之为“综合填空”。这种题目的测试难度较大，要求考生必须具有扎实的语法基础、比较牢固的词汇基础以及良好的语感。
一般来讲，完型填空具有下列特点：
1文章越短，设空密度越大，失去的语言信息就越多理解文章的难度就越大，解答试题的难度也就随之加大。
2完型填空多为“语法加情景意义选择”，即考生需要根据自己掌握的语法、词汇知识、依照文章的内容去确定答案。
3文章内容一般逻辑性较强，结构严谨，层次分明，包括的文体通常为叙述文、说明文、议论文和描写文。
4通常以测试实词和短语为主，如动词（及其短语）、形容词、副词、名词、代词等，但有时也包括虚词，如连词和介词（及其短语）。

为能更好地完成完型填空题．考试时应注意下列几点：
1．做题步骤

1) 通读全篇，正确把握短文语境。
做完型填空题，答题的关键在于准确理解短文的大意，了解事件发生的时间、地点、气氛及有关的人物等。要做到这一点，就要分清文章的文体与行文结构．此题短文多为说明文或议论文，结构较紧凑，往往开门见山地提出主题，然后逐点说明或评议，最后作小结。所以，做题之前应浏览全篇，重点是首段、尾段以及每段的首句、尾句。做题的第一步可以不看选项，跳过空格快速通读一遍全文及全部选择答案。一般来讲，看一句就填一句的做法不宜采纳。因为有的试题选项虽在文章的部分内容上可以勉强讲得通．但在全文整体意义上却不能满足内容的需要。

2）根据上下文内容及句子之间的逻辑关系，语法关系，初选答案。
在掌握文章大意的基础上，根据上下文所提供的搭配、结构、语义等线索来初选答案。初选时，弄清楚上下文内容和逻辑关系，先做有把握的选题，跳过无把握的选题，不可在一处花费过多时间。要着眼空格所在的完整句子，逐个对空白进行推敲，瞻前顾后，寻找信息词，重点解决与句型结构、搭配有关的小题。对于个别考词汇的题目，如果一时难以抉择，要继续往下进行，往往进行到下文时，对前边的问题就会有了主意。

3）复读全文，核对答案
完成最后一项填空后，要通读“完型”后的全文，核查自己所选的答案能否使文章连贯，语法正确。边读边核对所选答案并确定先前没有填出的答案。
例如：
There were people in the bus and no empty seats.
A many B a few C only a few D few
根据no empty seats可以判断出句中“人多，没有空座位”的逻辑关系，故A为正确答案。

2．判断技巧

做完型填空题时，在遵循以上三个步骤的同时，还要注意解题思路或技巧。

1) 搭配判断法
根据对以往考试的分析，搭配型题目在完型填空题中占的比例最重。搭配型问题主要测试常见搭配的熟练程度，比如说哪些词要搭配不定式、动名词或某种从句，哪些词必须与某个介词搭配。我们在复习时要特别注意短语动词和介词的固定搭配。

2）结构判断法
结构型问题主要包括句型、句式、连接词的选择等，解题时要运用句法知识，把握住关键词，从而做出迅速正确的判断。完型填空题目中有很多是利用语法的正确性与逻辑的排斥性间的矛盾来设计的。因此应结合上下文的合理性及意义关系的逻辑性选择最佳答案。
完型填空中常考的逻辑关系主要有：
A. 转折、让步 ： 这种关系表明后一种观点或事实与前一种观点或事实相比有些出乎意料。常见的表示转折、让步的词或词组有：but , still , yet , however, though , although, no matter, in spite of ，anyway, even if , 等。
B. 因果关系：
表示原因的连词或词组有： because (of ), due to , owing to , thanks to , since, for , as , 等。
表示结果的连词或词组有： so , therefore, then , as a result, in consequence （of）, consequently, thus等。
C. 表示递进、补充关系： 这种关系表示对前一事实或观点做进一步阐述。
常用的词、词组有： moreover, likewise, besides, in addition , also , too, not only … but also , apart from , what’s more 等。
D. 表示对比、比较关系：对比表示观点或事物间的差异性，比较表明观点或事物间的同一性。
常用表示对比的词或词组有：in contrast, by contrast, on the contrary, conversely, unlike, oppositely 等。
常用表示比较的词或词组有：like, in comparison , compare… with , as , just as 等。

3）词义判断法
词汇型问题也是完型填空的一个考点，主要测试考生在段落语篇中把握语义连贯性的能力，提供选择的词可能是近义词、近形词也可能是随意拼凑的四个选项，遇到这类题，既要联系上下文，又要具有扎实的词汇基础，有时还要根据自己的文化背景知识做出判断。

以上只是在理论上提出的应试建议，除此之外，还要多做练习，才能在实践中加深体会，并且总结出自己的应试方法和技巧。
二、 完型填空举例及题解分析

例1： Cloze Test ( 10 points , 1 point for each )

Advertising is different from selling. Salesmen depend __11__ tbe person-to-person approach in trying to persuade consumers to buy. Advertising , __12 , has to reach consumers indirectly through messages on radio and television , in the newspapers , or even on handbills ( 传单 ) given to you in the street.

Once again , the purpose of advertising is to sell goods. This means that the advertiser is going to try to make you think you want something --his something-- _1 3__ you need it or not. __14 , the advertiser is creating a ( n ) __l5__ for his product. This is fine. Remember , all the goods being produced today have to be sold. And you cannot buy something if you do not know about it.

All consumers are influenced by brand names. Advertisers try to get people __16__to a brand because they know that in later years , many of the consumers will __17 __to this brand. Therefore, commercials are repeated over and over again on radio and television . We soon get to know tbem by __1 8 __. Some advertisers stay with particular radio or television stars , and consumers come to __19__ a product with a famous person.

You are probably wondering , at this point , whether advertising is good or bad. Actually , it may be __20 __ of both , but decide for yourself .

11. A. for B. at C. on . D. with
12. A. but B. however C. while D. yet
13. A. how B..that C. if D.whether
14. A In other words B. In any case C. In addition D. In contrast
15. A order B. demand C.. command D. request
16. A use B. to use C. used D. to used
17. A object B. stick C. oppose D. prefer
18. A heart B. mind C. soul D. brain
19. A connect B. join C. combine D. associate
20. A little B. a little C. few D. a few

【参考答案】
11．【答案】C
【解析】本题为词组固定搭配。 depend on / depend upon“依赖，依靠”
12．【答案】B
【解析】本题为语境理解题。根据上一句可以知道，作广告不同于销售，销售人员是要与人面对面的打交道，并且试图说服消费者购买产品。本句要对比谈广告了，因此选B “however”, 意义最为合适，其他连词意义不适合且不用作插入语形式。
13．【答案】D
【解析】本题为语法加固定词组搭配。Whether…or not “无论是…或… ”，其他三个选项均不能与“or not ” 搭配使用。
14．【答案】A
【解析】 本题为词组固定搭配。“in other words”为固定搭配，表示“换言之，换句话说”， 符合题意。而in any case “无论如何”，in addition“除此之外”，in contrast“相反，大不相同”,不符合题意。
15．【答案】B
【解析】本题为词义选择。demand 意思是“要求”，符合句子意义。
order“命令、次序”，command“命令”request“恳求，请求”
16．【答案】C
【解析】本题为语法题加固定词组搭配。get sb. used to… 意思是“使某人习惯于…”
在此处不可以用原形动词或不定式，D是语法错误，应当首先排除掉的选项。
17．【答案】B
【解析】本题为动词词义的选择题。根据上一句可以知道，广告人试图使人们由于了解某品牌进而习惯于使用该品牌，在日后许多消费者也就因喜爱而离不开它。所以应当选B, stick有“接受，喜爱，黏住”之意。object“提出，反对”，oppose“反对”，prefer“更加喜爱”
18．【答案】A
【解析】本题为词组固定搭配。by heart “熟记”
19．【答案】D
【解析】本题为动词词义的选择题。此句谈到名人作广告的效应，消费者由于名人而联想到产品。所以选D,associate “联想”。
20．【答案】B
【解析】a little“有一点儿”，修饰不可数名词。
句子的大意是：究竟广告好还是不好，两者都有一点儿。

例2： Cloze Test ( 10 points , 1 point for each )

Smoking is considered dangerous to the health. Our tobacco-seller，Mr．Johnson，
therefore，always asks his customers，if they are very young，whom the cigarettes are bought 11 .

One day，a little girl whom he had never seen before walked straight into his shop
and demanded twenty cigarettes .She had the large amount of money in her hand and
seemed very 12 of herself . Mr Johnson was so 13 by her confident manner that
he 14 to ask his usual question .Anyway,he asked her what kind of cigarettes she
wanted .The girl replied and handed him the money.While he was giving her the 15，Mr Johnson said laughingly that as she was so young she should hide the packet in her pocket in 16 a policeman saw it. Nevertheless，the girl did not seem to find this very funny .Without even smiling she took the 17 and walked towards the door. Suddenly she stopped，turned round，and looked steadily at Mr Johnson. 18 was a moment of silence and the tobacco-seller wondered what she was going to say .All at once,in a clear， 19 voice，the girl declared，“ 20 dad is a policeman”，and with that she walked quickly out of the shop.

11 A. with B. to C. for D．by
12 A. ashamed B. sure C. fond D. glad
13 A. worried B. annoyed C．surprised D pleased
14 A. forgot B came C feared D remembered
15 A. change and cigarettes B. warning C. cheque D. cigarettes
16．A．time B．case C．fear D .consequence
17．A．packet B．money C．advice D. bill
18．A．It B. There C.She D．Here
19．A．weak B.firm C．joking D. humble
20．A．The B. For C．My D．As

【参考答案】
11．【答案】C
【解析】本题为词组固定搭配。“ buy (过去式bought) something for somebody ”意为“为某人买某物”。
12．【答案】B
【解析】本题为词组固定搭配。“be sure of”意为“对……自信”。此处，“seem”为半系动词，意思大体和“be”相同。
13．【答案】C
【解析】本题为词义理解。此处，因为小女孩年纪很小却表现出一副很自信的样子，所以
Mr．Johnson应该感到“惊讶”。
14．【答案】A
【解析】本题为语境理解加固定词组搭配。固定词组“so．．．that…”意为“如此……以至
于……”．所以根据语境Mr．Johnson应该是“如此惊讶以至于忘了问……”
15．【答案】A
【解析】本题为语境理解。Mr．Johnson收到钱后交给小姑娘的应该是零钱(change)和
香烟(cigarettes)。
16．【答案】B
【解析】本题为词组固定搭配。“in case”为固定搭配，表示“以免、防止”。
17．【答案】A
【解析】本题为词汇的复现题。在前一句话中已经出现过“packet”(指香烟盒)．这里是同一词再一次出现。
18．【答案】B
【解析】本题为语法题。 “there be”句型表示“在某时、某地……有……”。
19．【答案】B
【解析】本题为语境理解、词义选择。根据前半句话in a clear “清晰的声音” (文中省去了voice)．判断可知此处应该填firm “坚定的声音”。
20．【答案】c
【解析】本题为语境理解。本句为小女孩的话，第一人称，所以选“我的”(my)。

例 3 ： Cloze Test ( 10 points , 1 point for each )

Henry’s job was to examine cars which crossed the frontier to make sure that they
were not smuggling anything into the country．Every evening except at weekends，he would see a factory worker coming up the hill towards the frontier． 11 a bicycle with a big load of old straw on it．When the bicycle__12__the frontier，Henry used to stop the man and 13 him take the straw off and untie it．Then he would examine the straw carefully to see 14 he could find anything，after which he would look in all the man’s pockets 15 he let him tie the straw again．He never found 16_，even though he examine it very carefully．Then one evening，after he had looked through the straw and emptied the worker’s pocket 17 usual．He said to him，“Listen，I know that you are smuggling thing__18__this frontier．Won’t you tell me what it is that you’re bringing into the country so successfully? I’m an old man,and today’s my last day on the job．Tomorrow I’m going to 19 ．I promise that I shall not tell anyone if you tell me what you've been smuggling．”The worker did not say anything for 20__．Then he smiled，turned to Henry and said quietly，“Bicycles．”

11．A．pushing B．pulling C．filling D carrying
12．A．arrived B.appeared C．came D．reached
13．A force B．order C．make D．call
14．A．that B．where C．how D．whether
15．A．before B．thus C．after D．so
16．A．nothing B．something C．everything D．anything
17．A．then B．more C．as D．like
18．A．cross B.past C．across D into
19．A .return B．retain C．retire D．rest
20．A．long time B．period C．moment D．some time

【参考答案】
11．【答案】A
【解析】本题为词义选择。应为“推自行车”，故选A。而选项B意为。“拉”；C意为“装”；D意为“驮着”，均不合题意。
12．【答案】D
【解析】本题为语法题。此处意为“到达边境”，因为“frontier”之前没有介词，所以“到达”一词应选及物动词，只有D符合。余下的选项均为不及物动词。A的固定搭配是“arrive in”或“arrive at”，C的固定搭配是“come to”。
13．【答案】C
【解析】本题语法题。“make somebody do something”(让某人干某事)是动词“make”的常用
句型。
14．【答案】D
【解析】本题为whether(是否)引导的宾语从句。
15．【答案】A
【解析】本题为语境理解。意为“在他让那个男人把稻草捆起来之前，他会检查那人的所有
口袋”。故选“before”。
16．【答案】D
【解析】本题为语法题。在否定句中，something应改为anything。本句是用肯定的形式
(never)表否定的含义。
17．【答案】C
【解析】本题为词语固定搭配。“as usual”为固定短语，表示“像往常一样”。
18．【答案】C
【解析】本题为词义辨析。“across this frontier”为介宾短语“穿越边境”。
19．【答案】C
【解析】本题为语境理解。在前一句话中，Hennry提到“ I’m an old man，and today’s my last day on the job．”表明此处应填“退休”一词。
20．【答案】D
【解析】本题为词义选择。文意是说那个人沉默了“一会儿”，所以选“some time”。

例4： Cloze Test ( 10 points , 1 point for each )

When I was a boy，children always objected 11 wearing school uniform but
teachers were _12_ on it because they said all of us looked 13 ．Otherwise，they
said，children would compete with _14__and the poorer children would be unhappy because people would see how poor they were．In recent years，however，many schools have 15 the idea of making children wear uniform but funnily enough．Now that children can wear 16 they like，they have adopted a uniform of their own．When some journalists visited a London school，they found that all the boys and girls were dressed in jeans．One girl said she would rather die than wear a coat instead of jersey because 17 wants to look different __18__the other children in the class．Parents may not be as happy about this as children，but they 19 to be，because this new kind of uniform is one that the children like，not something they have been forced to wear，and it is also 20 cheaper than school uniform used to be．

11．A．against B．to C．for D．on
12．A．warm B．eager C．keen D．interested
13．A．same B．1ike C. as D. alike
14．A. each other B．another C．themselves D．others
15．A．waited for B. taken off C．put out D．given up
16．A．that B．which C．what D．as
17．A．anyone B．no one C. none D．someone
18．A．than B．that C．from D．to
19．A ought B．should C．would D．had
20．A．a lot B．very C．more D. a lot of

【参考答案】
11．【答案】B
【解析】本题为词语的惯用法。“object to doing something ”意为“反对做某事”，由于“object to”中的to是介词，所以其后不跟动词原形do，而应跟动名词doing。
12．【答案】C
【解析】本题为词语固定搭配。能与原文中on搭配的只有keen，“be keen on”表示”渴望……”。而余下选项的固定搭配为：be eager to和be interested in .
13．【答案】D
【解析】本题为语法题。alike为表语，“be(1ook)alike”为系表结构，意为“相似、看上去像”。
14．【笞案】A
【解析】本题为词义理解。“each other”表“互相”。
15．【答案】D
【解析】本题为语境理解。根据句中的“however”可知，现在，过去那种让学生穿制服的观点已有所改变，所以选“given up”(放弃)一词组。
16．【答案】C
【解析】本题为语法题。what引导宾语从句，译为“他们喜欢穿的”。
17．【答案】B
【解析】本题为语境理解。由上一句可知，现在这所伦敦学校中的学生穿的都是牛仔裤和运
动衫，所以这个女学生不愿意穿外套(coat)，自然是没有人愿意与众不同。因此选“no one”。
18．【答案】C
【解析】本题为词组的固定搭配。“be different from'’意为“与……不同”。
19．【答案】A
【解析】本题为语境理解。“ought to be”意为“应该”，全句的意思是，“对于这种变化，父母不像孩子们那么高兴，但他们应该高兴，因为这是孩子们自己的选择”。
20．【答案】A
【解析】本题为词义理解。此处 “a lot”=“much”, 放在形容词比较级“cheaper”之前表示 “非常”。而C选项的more本身已经是“比较级”，所以不能修饰比较级cheaper。